青年

世界是你們的，也是我們的，但是歸根結底是你們的。你們青年人朝氣蓬勃，正在興旺時期，好像早晨八、九點鐘的太陽。希望寄託在你們身上。……世界是屬於你們的。中國的前途是屬於你們的。

The world is yours, as well as ours, but in the last analysis, it is yours. You young people, full of vigour and vitality, are in the bloom of life, like the sun at eight or nine in the morning. Our hope is placed on you. … The world belongs to you. China 's future belongs to you.Talk at a meeting with Chinese students and trainees in Moscow (November 17, 1957).

出處：在莫斯科會見我國留學生和實習生時的談話（一九五七年十一月十七日），《毛主席在蘇聯的言論》人民日報出版社版第一四——一五頁

要使全體青年們懂得，我們的國家現在還是一個很窮的國家，並且不可能在短時間內根本改變這種狀態，全靠青年和全體人民在幾十年時間內，團結奮鬥，用自己的雙手創造出一個富強的國家。社會主義制度的建立給我們開闢了一條到達理想境界的道路，而理想境界的實現還要靠我們的辛勤勞動。

We must help all our young people to understand that ours is still a very poor country, that we cannot change this situation radically in a short time, and that only through the united efforts of our younger generation and all our people, working with their own hands, can China be made strong and prosperous within a period of several decades. The establishment of our socialist system has opened the road leading to the ideal society of the future, but to translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People (February 27, 1957), 1st pocket ed., pp. 44-45.

出處：《關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題》（一九五七年二月二十七日），人民出版社版第二三頁

關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題：一九五七年二月的講話，是本書第四章的直接來源，提出區分兩類矛盾。

不少青年人由於缺少政治經驗和社會生活經驗，不善於把舊中國和新中國加以比較，不容易深切瞭解我國人民曾經怎樣經歷千辛萬苦的鬥爭才擺脫了帝國主義和國民黨反動派的壓迫，而建立一個美好的社會主義社會要經過怎樣的長時間的艱苦勞動。因此，需要在群衆中間經常進行生動的、切實的政治教育，並且應當經常把發生的困難向他們作真實的說明，和他們一起研究如何解決困難的辦法。

Because of their lack of political and social experience, quite a number of young people are unable to see the contrast between the old China and the new, and it is not easy for them thoroughly to comprehend the hardships our people went through in the struggle to free themselves from the oppression of the imperialists and Kuomintang reactionaries, or the long period of arduous work needed before a happy socialist society can be established. That is why we must constantly carry on lively and effective political education among the masses and should always tell them the truth about the difficulties that crop up and discuss with them how to surmount these difficulties.Ibid., p. 63.

出處：《關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題》（一九五七年二月二十七日），人民出版社版第三二——三三頁

關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題：一九五七年二月的講話，是本書第四章的直接來源，提出區分兩類矛盾。

青年是整個社會力量中的一部分最積極最有生氣的力量。他們最肯學習，最少保守思想，在社會主義時代尤其是這樣。希望各地的黨組織，協同青年團組織，注意研究如何特別發揮青年人的力量，不要將他們一般看待，抹殺了他們的特點。當然青年人必須向老年人和成年人學習，要儘量爭取在老年人和成年人同意之下去做各種有益的活動。

The young people are the most active and vital force in society. They are the most eager to learn and the least conservative in their thinking. This is especially so in the era of socialism. We hope that the local Party organizations in various places will help and work with the Youth League organizations and go into the question of bringing into full play the energy of our youth in particular. The Party organizations should not treat them in the same way as everybody else and ignore their special characteristics. Of course, the young people should learn from the old and other adults, and should strive as much as possible to engage in all sorts of useful activities with their agreement. Introductory note to"A Youth Shock Brigade of the No. 9 Agricultural Producers' Cooperative in Hsinping Township, Chungshan County " (1955), The Socialist Upsurge in China's Countryside, Chinese ed., Vol. III.

出處：《中山縣新平鄉第九農業生產合作社的青年突擊隊》一文的按語（一九五五年），《中國農村的社會主義高潮》下冊第九五九頁

中國農村的社會主義高潮：一九五五年編的一部資料集，收各地合作化材料並加按語。

看一個青年是不是革命的，拿什麼做標準呢？拿什麼去辨別他呢？只有一個標準，這就是看他願意不願意、並且實行不實行和廣大的工農群衆結合在一塊。願意並且實行和工農結合的，是革命的，否則就是不革命的，或者是反革命的。他今天把自己結合於工農群衆，他今天是革命的；但是如果他明天不去結合了，或者反過來壓迫老百姓，那就是不革命的，或者是反革命的了。

How should we judge whether a youth is a revolutionary? How can we tell? There can only be one criterion, namely, whether or not he is willing to integrate himself with the broad masses of workers and peasants and does so in practice. If he is willing to do so and actually does so, he is a revolutionary; otherwise he is a non-revolutionary or a counter-revolutionary. If today he integrates himself with the masses of workers and peasants, then today he is a revolutionary; if tomorrow he ceases to do so or turns round to oppress the common people, then he becomes a non-revolutionary or a counter-revolutionary."The Orientation of the Youth Movement" (May 4, 1939), Selected Works, Vol. II, p. 246.

出處：《青年運動的方向》（一九三九年五月四日），《毛澤東選集》第二卷第五五四頁

毛澤東選集：一九五〇年代起陸續出版的文集，收一九二五年以來的文章講話，是本書最主要的引證來源。

知識分子在其未和群衆的革命鬥爭打成一片，在其未下決心為群衆利益服務並與群衆相結合的時候，往往帶有主觀主義和個人主義的傾向，他們的思想往往是空虛的，他們的行動往往是動搖的。因此，中國的廣大的革命知識分子雖然有先鋒的和橋樑的作用，但不是所有這些知識分子都能革命到底的。其中一部分，到了革命的緊急關頭，就會脫離革命隊伍，採取消極態度；其中少數人，就會變成革命的敵人。知識分子的這種缺點，只有在長期的群衆鬥爭中才能克服。

The intellectuals often tend to be subjective and individualistic, impractical in their thinking and irresolute in action until they have thrown themselves heart and soul into mass revolutionary struggles, or made up their minds to serve the interests of the masses and become one with them. Hence although the mass of revolutionary intellectuals in China can play a vanguard role or serve as a link with the masses, not all of them will remain revolutionaries to the end. Some will drop out of the revolutionary ranks at critical moments and become passive, while a few may even become enemies of the revolution. The intellectuals can overcome their shortcomings only in mass struggles over a long period."The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party" (December 1939), Selected Works, Vol. II, p. 322.*

出處：《中國革命和中國共產黨》（一九三九年十二月），《毛澤東選集》第二卷第六三六頁

毛澤東選集：一九五〇年代起陸續出版的文集，收一九二五年以來的文章講話，是本書最主要的引證來源。

青年團除了應繼續配合黨的中心工作以外，還要有適合青年特點的獨立工作。新中國要為青年們著想，要關懷青年一代的成長。青年們要學習，要工作，但青年時期是長身體的時期。因此，要充分兼顧青年的工作、學習和娛樂、體育、休息兩個方面。

Apart from continuing to act in co-ordination with the Party in its central task, the Youth League should do its own work to suit the special characteristics of youth. New China must care for her youth and show concern for the growth of the younger generation. Young people have to study and work, but they are at the age of physical growth. Therefore, full attention must be paid both to their work and study and to their recreation, sport and rest.Talk at the reception for the Praesidium of the Second National Congress of the Youth League (June 30, 1953).

出處：在接見青年團第二次全國代表大會主席團時的指示（一九五三年六月三十日），一九五三年七月三日《人民日報》