紀律

在人民內部，民主是對集中而言，自由是對紀律而言。這些都是一個統一體的兩個矛盾著的側面，它們是矛盾的，又是統一的，我們不應當片面地強調某一個側面而否定另一個側面。在人民內部，不可以沒有自由，也不可以沒有紀律；不可以沒有民主，也不可以沒有集中。這種民主和集中的統一，自由和紀律的統一，就是我們的民主集中制。在這個制度下，人民享受著廣泛的民主和自由；同時又必須用社會主義的紀律約束自己。

Within the ranks of the people, democracy is correlative with centralism and freedom with discipline. They are the two opposites of a single entity, contradictory as well as united, and we should not one-sidedly emphasize one to the denial of the other. Within the ranks of the people, we cannot do without freedom, nor can we do without discipline; we cannot do without democracy, nor can we do without centralism. This unity of democracy and centralism, of freedom and discipline, constitutes our democratic centralism. Under this system, the people enjoy extensive democracy and freedom, but at the same time they have to keep within the bounds of socialist discipline.On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People (February 27, 1957), 1st pocket ed., pp. 10-11.

出處：《關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題》（一九五七年二月二十七日），人民出版社版第五——六頁

關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題：一九五七年二月的講話，是本書第四章的直接來源，提出區分兩類矛盾。

必須重申黨的紀律：（一）個人服從組織；（二）少數服從多數；（三）下級服從上級；（四）全黨服從中央。誰破壞了這些紀律，誰就破壞了黨的統一。

We must affirm anew the discipline of the Party, namely: 1. the individual is subordinate to the organization; 2. the minority is subordinate to the majority; 3. the lower level is subordinate to the higher level; and 4. the entire membership is subordinate to the Central Committee. Whoever violates these articles of discipline disrupts Party unity."The Role of the Chinese Communist Party in the National War" (October 1938), Selected Works, Vol. II, pp. 203-04.*

出處：《中國共產黨在民族戰爭中的地位》（一九三八年十月），《毛澤東選集》第二卷第五一六頁

中國共產黨在民族戰爭中的地位：一九三八年十月，講黨在抗戰中的角色與紀律。

黨的紀律之一是少數服從多數。少數人在自己的意見被否決之後，必須擁護多數人所通過的決議。除必要時得在下一次會議再提出討論外，不得在行動上有任何反對的表示。

One requirement of Party discipline is that the minority should submit to the majority. If the view of the minority has been rejected, it must support the decision passed by the majority. If necessary, it can bring up the matter for reconsideration at the next meeting, but apart from that it must not act against the decision in any way."On Correcting Mistaken Ideas in the Party" (December 1929), Selected Works, Vol. I, p. 110.

出處：《關於糾正黨內的錯誤思想》（一九二九年十二月），《毛澤東選集》第一卷第九二頁

關於糾正黨內的錯誤思想：一九二九年十二月古田會議決議，是本書第二十四章的核心來源。

三大紀律如下：（一）一切行動聽指揮；（二）不拿群衆一針一線；（三）一切繳獲要歸公。八項注意如下：（一）說話和氣；（二）買賣公平；（三）借東西要還；（四）損壞東西要賠；（五）不打人罵人；（六）不損壞莊稼；（七）不調戲婦女；（八）不虐待俘虜。

The Three Main Rules of Discipline are as follows: 1. Obey orders in all your actions. 2. Do not take a single needle or piece of thread from the masses. 3. Turn in everything captured. The Eight Points for Attention are as follows: 1. Speak politely. 2. Pay fairly for what you buy. 3. Return everything you borrow. 4. Pay for anything you damage. 5. Do not hit or swear at people. 6. Do not damage crops. 7. Do not take liberties with women. 8. Do not ill-treat captives."On the Reissue of the Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Eight Points for Attention - Instruction of the General Headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" (October 10, 1947), Selected Military Writings, 2nd ed., p. 343.

出處：《中國人民解放軍總部關於重行頒佈三大紀律八項注意的訓令》（一九四七年十月十日），《毛澤東選集》第四卷第一二四一頁

毛澤東選集：一九五〇年代起陸續出版的文集，收一九二五年以來的文章講話，是本書最主要的引證來源。

必須提高紀律性，堅決執行命令，執行政策，執行三大紀律八項注意，軍民一致，軍政一致，官兵一致，全軍一致，不允許任何破壞紀律的現象存在。

They [all officers and soldiers of our army] must heighten their sense of discipline and resolutely carry out orders, carry out our policy, carry out the Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Eight Points for Attention - with army and people united, army and government united, officers and soldiers united, and the whole army united - and permit no breach of discipline."Manifesto of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" (October 1947), Selected Military Writings, 2nd ed., p. 340.

出處：《中國人民解放軍宣言》（一九四七年十月），《毛澤東選集》第四卷第一二三九頁

毛澤東選集：一九五〇年代起陸續出版的文集，收一九二五年以來的文章講話，是本書最主要的引證來源。